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英师“三下乡”丨陕北非物质文化遗产双语宣传团队实践风采展——民俗故事(一)

发布日期:2022-08-21   来源:   点击量:

绥德炕头石狮,又称“拴娃娃狮子”,是陕西省非物质文化遗产,也是绥德县民间石狮崇拜的最奇特的一种形式。炕头石狮最大的不过25cm高,最小的仅3cm。有的石狮因长期烟熏或者手摸表面已变得黝黑,有的石狮因多年风化与磕碰已布满裂缝和伤残。石狮的模样、神态在数百件里没有一个是重复的。

Suide Kangtou Stone Lion also known as "Tied-doll Lion", is the intangible cultural heritage of Shaanxi Province and it is also the most peculiar form of folk stone lion worship in Suide County. The largest stone lion is only 25cm high, while the smallest is only 3cm high. Some stone lions have become dark because they have been smoked or touched by hand for a long time, and some stone lions have been full of cracks and disability due to weathering and knocking over for years. The appearance and expression of the stone lions are not repeated in hundreds of pieces.



绥德炕头石狮的产生与原始的山石崇拜和佛教的传入有关。我们的祖先,在原始时代就把自然万物当神灵崇拜,如取一块石头写上“泰山石敢当”立于宅前,即有避凶安宅作用。汉代随佛教的传入,狮子——文殊菩萨的坐骑一到陕北落户,就缩聚天地精神和宇宙生命观,成为黄土高坡上的生命守护神。

The appearance of Suide Kangtou Stone Lion is related to the primitive rock worship and the introduction of Buddhism.Our ancestors regard on the nature of all things as gods to worship in the primitive times , such as taking a stone to write "Shi Gandang of Mountain Tai" in front of the house, which is to avoid evil and make the home safe. With the introduction of Buddhism in the Han Dynasty, the lion—— Manjusri Bodhisattva’s mount, gathered the spirit of heaven and earth and the concept of cosmic life and became the patron saint of life on The Loess Plateau as soon as it settled in northern Shaanxi.



绥德的炕头石狮被当成家传宝代代相传,并不是摆设或供人观赏的玩物,而是作为一种消灾免难的神圣物,在“拴娃娃”等乡俗活动中应用。有“栓娃娃”的说法是因为以前医疗卫生条件差,生下孩子很难养活,家里有个炕头狮,以此祈求神灵保佑小孩平安成长。

Suide Kangtou Stone Lion is passed down from generation to generation as a family treasure. It is not a decoration or a toy for people to enjoy, but a sacred object to eliminate disasters and avoid difficulties, which is used in "tethering children" and other local customs. There is the name of the "Tied-doll Lion" because it was difficult to feed a child because of poor medical and health conditions in the past. There was a Kangtou Stone Lion at home, so as to pray for the gods to bless the child to grow up safely.



炕头狮是有其实际作用的,绥德周边的五六个县都有送炕头狮的传统,寓意祈求平安。孩子满月的时候,舅舅会给外甥送个炕头狮,这里不叫送,而叫“请”。绳子的两端分别拴在狮子和小孩身上,以防孩子从炕上跌落下去。

The Kangtou Stone Lion has its practical function. Five or six counties around Suide have the tradition of sending it, which means praying for peace. When the child is one month old, the uncle will send one to his nephew, which is not "give" here, but call "invite".The two ends of the rope are tied to the lion and the child to prevent the child from falling off the heated earth bed.


(审核:刘一静 李瑞静)